Contemporary challenges to the prohibition on the threat or use of force in international law
TEHRAN – The prohibition on the threat or use of force, based on Article 2(4) of the Charter of the United Nations, is considered one of the fundamental and peremptory norms of international law. This rule is not merely a political or ethical recommendation; it is a binding norm with a preventive nature, whose primary objective is to prevent the normalization of coercion in relations between states. International law rightly distinguishes between the "use of force" and the "threat of force," but explicitly prohibits both. A threat that objectively has the capacity to intimidate or deprive another state of its freedom to make independent decisions, even without an armed attack occurring, can be considered a violation of the UN Charter.
